Empran (Forest on Levee Alluvium) Locally called 'empran', freshwater swamp forests on levee alluvium generally occur as a narrow strip (100 to 200 meters) along the Belait River with a high concentration in some tributaries, especially in the Labi Hills Forest Reserve. The forest has moderately dense high canopy dipterocarps and other tree species. Typical tree include two 'kawang' species ( Shorea macrophylla and S. semins ) as well as S. bracteolatus. The valuable timber species 'belian' ( Eusideroxylon zwageri ) and 'merbau' ( Intsia palembanica ) also occur very occasionally. Epiphytes and climbers are abundant and there is a rich ground flora of small palms and gingers.
Non-Arboreal Alluvium This forest occurs along rivers and streams, frequently as abroad zone behind the heavy alluvium. The vegetation is non-arboreal, comprising a dense mass of sedges (Mapania spp.) with clumps of the fan-leafed palm, 'silad' (Licuala spinosa) on the margins and a dense shrub growth of 'ubah' (Syzygium densiflorum).
Sub-Arboreal Alluvium
This forest is similar to the non-arboreal forest. What differs is that sub-arboreal forests comprise a moderately dense stand of small trees, which are generally of poor form. Many have buttresses, stilt roots or pneumatophores, and include 'pendarahan' (Horsfieldia irya), 'sial menaun' (Pternandra coerulescens), and 'gurah' (Shirakiopsis indica), as well as many species of figs or 'kayu ara' ( Ficus spp. ). Though the ground surface is more or less level, mounding of soil at the base of trees can be observed due to alluvium accumulation.
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